An archaeological site in Russia, near the Mongolian border, has baffled scientists. Set on an island in Lake Tere-Khol, it is unlike other ancient structures in that it contains no supporting artifacts, like bones, pottery, or tools that would give clues as to its age or purpose. Even the discovery of the site reads like an adventure game.
Since its presence was learned from a stone near the Selenga river (a runic tablet with an inscription detailing the site), the settlement—known as Por-Bajin—has eluded understanding. A complex roughly the size of Buckingham Palace, with 30-foot-tall clay walls and numerous courtyards set alongside its numerous buildings, the eighth-century Uighur construction yielded surprisingly few of the archaeological artifacts you’d expect from a building of its magnitude—items that are usually telltale markers of a place’s purpose.
“There was a lot of mystery around the site,” says Margot Kuitems, an isotope researcher at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands and lead author of a new study that dates the site, published last week in the journal Proceedings of the Natural Academy of Sciences. “Who built it? When was it built? But also for what purpose? Was it a monastery? Did it have defensive purposes? Or was it a palace?”
That sets up the mystery, which has been solved in an amazing way. Analysis of tree rings in the timbers used pinpoints the construction date at 777 CE. That reveals its place in history, from which the details could be filled in. Read how they did it at Atlas Obscura.
(Image credit: Por-Bajin Fortress Foundation)