Diseases brought by Europeans wiped out 90% of the people living in the New World, which allowed conquest and colonization. That happens when long-isolated populations meet for the first time. Have you ever wondered why it didn’t go the other way? Why didn’t New World diseases wreak havoc on Europeans?
CGP Grey explains how the differences between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres over the long history of civilization left us with plague, typhus, cholera, smallpox, and other diseases, but no “Americapox.” The transcript is at Grey’s website, and there’s a discussion at his subreddit. -via Geeks Are Sexy
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The story in Africa is complicated, because that's a lot of countries with very different histories, but I found this that says, yes.