MetaFilter member David Provost poses some interesting questions of biology and physics:
I am considering writing a novel/story that involves the idea of people living among us who are somewhere between three and eight inches tall, but I don't know enough about the physics of sound to know if normal height humans would be able to speak to these tiny people. Would their voices be too high-pitched to hear at all, or just very difficult to understand? Would our voices be understandable to them?
How would you answer him?
Link | Image: The Borrowers by Working Title Films
But if you're going to go the hardcore biology/physics route, rather then just handwaving that aspect away, I can't imagine a tiny tiny brain, even in a tiny tiny person, would produce anything close to the cognition that we have. Insects have decentralized nervous systems, making their whole body sort of a brain, and they're insects with insect levels of cognition (not a whole lot)