You probably already know that China has a one child per couple policy, but you might not know how it is enforced or who is granted exceptions to the rule. The answers to these questions can be found over at Mental Floss and they are simply fascinating.
Provincial governments are responsible for enforcing the policy and do so through a mix of rewards and punishments doled out by local officials. In most provinces, having a an extra child gets you a fine, the amount of which varies across provinces. In some places, the fine is a set amount (usually in the thousands of dollars), and in others it’s based on a percentage of the violator’s annual income. In some provinces, policy violators can also have their property and/or belongings confiscated and lose their jobs.
Who knew they even can fire you from your job for having an extra baby?
Link
In other words the richer you are the more children you can have. There's fair for you.
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When I took Chinese studies in University, my professor referred to it as the 'one-and-a-half' child policy (which only applies in some regions). Meaning that if you had a girl first, you were able to try again and have a boy (up to twice). Traditionally, sons were your social safety net, with parents living with sons and not their daughters in their old age. This results in an increase in the boy:girl ratio in two ways. Firstly, a lot of couples would stop after a single boy, and secondly, second girl children are often selectively aborted. This has caused social disruption in some areas of china as well. In any case, this law is largely ignored already, and will be phased out in 10 years.
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