I know just as well as anyone else how easy it is to hate rats, mosquitoes and wasps, but like many other pests, these creatures are entirely necessary for our survival and for the ecosystems we call home. This great Cracked article explains why.
Warning: SomeĀ of the language is NSFW.
Link
And pestilence is still alive and kicking today. In fact they are still monitoring the rat population in certain areas around the world to make sure we don't get another epidemic.
"Climate changes associated with global warming favor outbreaks of bubonic plague in areas where humans live in close proximity to infested rats or fleas."
http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/environmental_law/2006/08/another_byprodu.html